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ECCouncil Certified Threat Intelligence Analyst Sample Questions (Q19-Q24):
NEW QUESTION # 19
An organization, namely Highlander, Inc., decided to integrate threat intelligence into the incident response process for rapid detection and recovery from various security incidents.
In which of the following phases of the incident response management does the organization utilize operational and tactical threat intelligence to provide context to the alerts generated by various security mechanisms?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (Based on CTIA Official Concepts) According to the EC-Council Certified Threat Intelligence Analyst (CTIA) study materials, the incident response process generally consists of four phases-Preplanning, Event, Incident, and Breach. Each phase corresponds to specific activities and the application of different types of threat intelligence.
This question focuses on the point in the process where operational and tactical threat intelligence are actively used to provide context to alerts generated by security mechanisms. The correct phase for this activity is the Incident phase.
Phase 1: Preplanning
In this phase, an organization prepares and designs its incident response framework. The main tasks include defining roles, establishing policies, and creating communication channels and procedures.
Strategic threat intelligence is primarily used here to understand high-level threat trends, organizational risks, and to develop incident response playbooks and policies.
Operational and tactical threat intelligence are not yet applied at this stage because no alerts or incidents have occurred. Therefore, Phase 1 is not the correct answer.
Phase 2: Event
In the event phase, security systems such as firewalls, IDS, IPS, and SIEM generate alerts that indicate potential malicious activity. Security analysts begin initial triage, trying to determine if an alert is a false positive or represents real suspicious behavior.
At this point, analysts may reference technical indicators such as IP addresses, domains, or file hashes, but detailed operational or tactical intelligence is not yet used in depth. The main goal here is identification and classification, not full analysis and contextualization. Thus, this is not the correct phase.
Phase 3: Incident
When a suspicious event is confirmed as a legitimate security incident, the organization moves into the incident phase. In this stage, incident response teams investigate, analyze, and respond to the threat.
This is the phase where operational and tactical threat intelligence are actively applied.
* Operational Threat Intelligence provides information about the attacker's motives, campaign objectives, and current attack methods. It helps the organization understand who is attacking, why, and with what resources.
* Tactical Threat Intelligence focuses on the adversaries' tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), such as exploit methods, malware behavior, and persistence mechanisms.
By using operational and tactical threat intelligence during the incident phase, the organization can:
* Correlate alerts with known threat actor campaigns.
* Add context to security events to understand their significance.
* Prioritize incidents based on real-world threat activity.
* Guide containment, eradication, and recovery actions more effectively.
In CTIA documentation, this process is described as "leveraging threat intelligence to enrich alerts with contextual data to accelerate incident detection and response." Therefore, Phase 3: Incident is the correct answer.
Phase 4: Breach
This phase occurs after an incident has escalated into an actual compromise or data loss event. The focus here is on containment, eradication, recovery, and post-breach reporting or legal coordination.
Strategic intelligence may be used for lessons learned and long-term improvement, but operational and tactical intelligence are no longer central to this phase. Therefore, this is not the correct answer.
Summary Table
Phase
Type of Threat Intelligence
Purpose
Phase 1: Preplanning
Strategic
Planning and policy development
Phase 2: Event
Technical
Alert generation and detection
Phase 3: Incident
Operational and Tactical
Contextualize alerts, guide investigation and response
Phase 4: Breach
Strategic
Recovery, compliance, and lessons learned
Final Answer: C. Phase 3: Incident
Explanation Reference:
Derived from EC-Council Certified Threat Intelligence Analyst (CTIA) Official Study Guide, topics:
"Integration of Threat Intelligence in Incident Response" and "Application of Operational and Tactical Threat Intelligence in SOC and IR Operations."
NEW QUESTION # 20
An organization suffered many major attacks and lost critical information, such as employee records, and financial information. Therefore, the management decides to hire a threat analyst to extract the strategic threat intelligence that provides high-level information regarding current cyber-security posture, threats, details on the financial impact of various cyber-activities, and so on.
Which of the following sources will help the analyst to collect the required intelligence?
Answer: C
Explanation:
For gathering strategic threat intelligence that provides a high-level overview of the current cybersecurity posture, potential financial impacts of cyber activities, and overarching threats, sources such as Open Source Intelligence (OSINT), Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) vendors, and Information Sharing and Analysis Organizations (ISAOs)/Information Sharing and Analysis Centers (ISACs) are invaluable. OSINT involves collecting data from publicly available sources, CTI vendors specialize in providing detailed threat intelligence services, and ISAOs/ISACs facilitate the sharing of threat data within specific industries or communities. These sources can provide broad insights into threat landscapes, helping organizations understand how to align their cybersecurity strategies with current trends and threats.
References:
"Cyber Threat Intelligence: Sources and Methods," by Max Kilger, Ph.D., SANS Institute Reading Room
"Open Source Intelligence (OSINT): An Introduction to the Basic Concepts and the Potential Benefits for Information Security," by Kevin Cardwell, IEEE Xplore
NEW QUESTION # 21
Joe works as a threat intelligence analyst with Xsecurity Inc. He is assessing the TI program by comparing the project results with the original objectives by reviewing project charter. He is also reviewing the list of expected deliverables to ensure that each of those is delivered to an acceptable level of quality.
Identify the activity that Joe is performing to assess a TI program's success or failure.
Answer: D
Explanation:
By assessing the Threat Intelligence (TI) program through a comparison of project results with the original objectives, and by ensuring that all expected deliverables have been produced to an acceptable quality level, Joe is conducting a gap analysis. Gap analysis involves identifying the difference between the current state and the desired state or objectives, in this case, the outcomes of the TI program versus its intended goals as outlined in the project charter. This process allows for the assessment of what was successful, what fell short, and where improvements can be made, thereby evaluating the program's overall effectiveness and identifying areas for future enhancement.References:
* "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)" by the Project Management Institute
* "Intelligence Analysis: A Target-Centric Approach" by Robert M. Clark
NEW QUESTION # 22
While monitoring network activities, an unusual surge in outbound traffic was noticed, and a potential security incident was suspected. In the context of incident responses, what is the initial stage at which you actively recognize and confirm the presence of an incident?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the incident response process, the Identification phase is the first active stage where analysts and responders detect and confirm that a security incident has occurred or is in progress.
When an unusual surge in outbound traffic is observed, analysts start investigating alerts, logs, and events to determine whether the activity indicates a genuine security incident. This process includes correlating data, analyzing patterns, and confirming abnormal or malicious behavior. Once confirmed, the situation moves officially from an event to an incident.
Key Objectives of the Identification Phase:
* Detect potential security events through monitoring and alerts.
* Analyze anomalies to verify if an incident truly exists.
* Classify and prioritize the incident based on severity and impact.
* Document findings for escalation to containment and eradication stages.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
* B. Recovery:This is a later phase where systems are restored to normal operations after an incident has been resolved. It occurs after containment and eradication.
* C. Containment:This phase involves isolating affected systems to prevent the spread or escalation of the incident. It happens after identification.
* D. Eradication:This phase focuses on removing the root cause of the incident (e.g., deleting malware, closing vulnerabilities) and also occurs after containment.
Conclusion:
The initial stage where the presence of a security incident is recognized and confirmed is the Identification phase.
Final Answer: A. Identification
Explanation Reference (Based on CTIA Study Concepts):
According to the CTIA study materials under the section "Incident Response Integration and Threat Intelligence," the Identification phase is where organizations detect and verify anomalies, confirming whether a security incident has occurred before proceeding to containment and recovery.
NEW QUESTION # 23
Which of the following components refers to a node in the network that routes the traffic from a workstation to external command and control server and helps in identification of installed malware in the network?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A gateway in a network functions as a node that routes traffic between different networks, such as from a local network to the internet. In the context of cyber threats, a gateway can be utilized to monitor and control the data flow to and from the network, helping in the identification and analysis of malware communications, including traffic to external command and control (C2) servers. This makes it an essential component in detecting installed malware within a network by observing anomalies or unauthorized communications at the network's boundary. Unlike repeaters, hubs, or network interface cards (NICs) that primarily facilitate network connectivity without analyzing the traffic, gateways can enforce security policies and detect suspicious activities.
References:
"Network Security Basics," Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals
"Malware Command and Control Channels: A Journey," SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room
NEW QUESTION # 24
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